Solubility of Paracetamol in Pure Solvents - Engineering Assignment Help

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Introduction
Solubility data of bioactive compounds have a broad application and importance in the pharmaceutical industry.
A variety of pure solvents, including water, and solvent mixtures (e.g., binary and ternary mixtures) can usually be employed in a particular crystallization process during the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals (Grant and Higuchi,1990). Paracetamol (PA) is an important analgesic and anti- pyretic agent. It is also used as an intermediate in the manufacture of azodyes and photographic chemicals. Solubility studies on paracetamol in organic solvents have been carried out by, e.g., Romero et al. (1996) (in water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate) and Subramanyam et al. (1992) (in methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol) at 25 °C. Grant et al. (1984) determined the solubility of PA in water in the range from 5 to 70 °C.
In the present work, solubility data for paracetamol in 26 different pure solvents, spanning a wide range of polar-ity, are reported in the temperature range -5 to +30 °C.

Experimental Section
The 25 solvents listed in Table 1 and paracetamol (Astra Production Chemicals AB, fine powder of pharmaceutical grade, 100.3% on dry basis determined as specified by the European Pharmacope ?) were used without further purifi-cation. The water used was distilled, deionized, and filtered (0.2 μm).
The experimental setup consists of a thermostatic water bath standing on a serial magnetic stirrer. Erlenmeyer flasks (250 cm3) with a Teflon-coated magnetic stirrer were filled with an excess of PA in a solvent (Table 1). The flasks were placed in the thermostat bath and agitated for at least 72 h at each temperature.

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