The Cyber Attacks which Hit Many Middle East Companies Report Writing - Arts and Humanities Assignment Help

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Executive Summary 
This report is mainly focused on the cyber attacks which hit many Middle East companies. Shamoon virus was involved in many of the attacks. The biggest ever attack of the history was attack by Shamoon malware on Saudi Arabian oil producer petrochemical company known as Saudi Aramco. This virus knocked off more approx. thirty five thousand of their machines during the month of Ramadan. when most of their staff was on holidays and they lost their lots of sensitive information. their business operations related data, their customer details and their main company website also went down. 
In this report, we also took a look on the reason behind this attack, the aim of this attack, the vulnerabilities exploited in this attack, the risk matrix followed by the company and the effective measures taken by the company for the mitigation of this attack. Also we are suggesting some security and preventive measures which companies should follow to prevent this kind of destructive cyber attacks to keep their business Sterne. 
 

Introduction 
Shamoon virus, also known as W32.DistTrack is a data-wiping malware. It was first spotted in 2012 in the attack of a Saudi Arabian company Saudi Aramco which is the world's biggest oil producer company and is officially known as Saudi Arabian Oil Company. Shamoon is one of the most destructive malwares ever seen at that time where MS Windows NT kernel architecture of 32-bit had been targeted. The intention of the attackers who use this virus is not to monitor or collect information. It was designed and used by attackers to wipe the files and overwrite them. If this virus penetrates a single computer connected to the internet, then within very less time it targets the other machines connected to the same network and infects them as well even if those other machines are not directly connected to the intemet. It basically overwrites the Master Boot Record of a compromised system after corrupting all its files and makes the system unusable. Once the connected machines on the network wiped out, the list of the wiped files then transmitted to the initially infected system and from there the attacker retrieves this information on his command-and-control centre. During this attack, Shamoon overwrote the files with binary content that coincided with representation of.IPEG images of a burning US flag so that the deleted files cannot be recovered (New virus targets energy sector, 2012). 
 

How Sham000 works 
Shamoon was fast spotted on le August 2012 by Kaspersky Lab. Symantec and Seculen. Because of its destructive nature the recovery cost is extremely high. As its so devastating and due to its massive recovery cost, it is considered to have distinct behaviour as compared to other threats but there is some resemblance between Shamoon. and another similar malware named as the Flame, as Flame is also a wiper malware. confirmed by Kaspersky Lab. The Shamoon malware is comprised of three components. These are the Dropper, the Wiper, and the Reporter. In Dropper phase, the dropper creates a service named as NtsSry which allows it to be persistent on targeted machine and it drops the wiper and reporter on infected machine. then accomplish itself. Quickly it spreads over local network via network share by replicating itself. In Wiper phase, wiper uses an Eldos software known as RawDisk to gain control of hard drive to overwrite the disk and MBR. In Reporter phase. it reports back to the attacker about information of destroyed files (D. Tarakanov, 2012). 
 

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