The First Gettier Case - Causal Theory of Knowledge - Theory of Justification Known as Classical Foundationalism - Philosophy Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

Long answer questions (Answer should be about 5-8 sentences):

1. Explain the first Gettier case using Gettier’s original example. You must explain (and not just state) the implications of the case for the JTB account of knowledge. 
2. Explain the first “Barn” counterexample to the Causal Theory of Knowledge. (The Causal Theory is simply Goldman’s amended account of knowledge in response to Gettier’s critique of JTB.) What moral should we draw from it as regards the Causal Theory? 
3. Explain how, according to Winch, knowledge of closely related concepts involves Knowledge-How of a certain kind. In your answer, you will have to talk about the ability to make material inferences. You may use any example you like, except for the example given in the text.
4. Distinguish between KT, K-by-A, and KH using your own examples.

Short answer questions (Answer should be about 4-5 sentences):

1. Explain why forming a justified true belief with the help of luck is inconsistent with having knowledge. (‘Inconsistent with’ = ‘does not match with’, roughly. More accurately, if p and q are inconsistent propositions, then if p is true, q must be false. Thus, if your JTB is formed with the help of luck, you do not have knowledge. The question asks you to explain this idea. You may use an example.)
2. Explain Agrippa’s Trilemma in your own words. Your answer should make clear as to why this is a problem for constructing theories of justification in epistemology.
3. State and explain the theory of justification known as Classical Foundationalism. Explain one objection to this theory. (‘Objection to’ = ‘criticism of’.)
4. Explain in your own words what Winch says about expertise on pp. 131-132 of the text, using an example of your own. (Read up to the middle of p. 132.)

Very short answer questions (Answers should about 2-4 sentences; make sure not to copy out definitions etc. from the text):

1. Give an example of an act that is morally obligatory, explaining why it is so.
2. Explain what you understand by ‘capital-letter Reason’ in your own words. 
3. Explain what you understand by a ‘form of knowledge’ in your own words. (Your answer should convey the full sense of Hirst’s conception of a form of knowledge. Do not copy out what Winch writes about it, however!)
4. Explain what you understand by the term ‘epistemic ascent’ in your own words.

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