The Pharmacokinetics of a Drug can have Important Implications for How it is Used Clinically - Medical Science Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

Task:

Pharmacokinetics (calculations) supplementary assessment

Note: Answer the questions in the space provided. Please include your working out/reasoning.

Q1) The pharmacokinetics of a drug can have important implications for how it is used clinically. Reported pharmacokinetic parameters (population average) for Drug A are listed below:

· Systemic Clearance = 15 L/hr

· Volume of Distribution = 45 L

· Percent Excreted Unchanged in Urine (fe) = 60%

· Fraction Unbound in Plasma (fu) = 0.8

· Fraction Absorbed from the Gastrointestinal Tract (fg) = 1

For the purposes of this question, please assume that hepatic blood flow is 90 L/hr, and all non-renal clearance is hepatic.

Q1a) What is the renal clearance of Drug A in L/hr?

Q1b) If Drug A was to be commenced by intravenous infusion, what maintenance dose (in mg/hr) would you recommend to achieve a steady state concentration of 0.7 mg/L?

Q2) Drug B is administered by intravenous infusion at a dose rate of 100 micrograms/kg/hr. It has an elimination half-life of 8 hours and is 50% protein bound in plasma.

If the maintenance dose of Drug B were to be given by intravenous bolus injections, what frequency of intravenous bolus injections would you recommend?

Assume that you wish to ensure that there is no more than a two-fold variability in drug concentration between peak and trough concentrations at steady state (i.e. peak should not be more than twice the concentration of the trough).

Select one of the following options:

a) Every 4 hours

b) Every 6 hours

c) Every 8 hours

d) Every 12 hours

e) Every 18 hours

f) Every 24 hours

Q3) Drug C has the following pharmacokinetic values

· Fraction Absorbed from the Gastrointestinal Tract (fg) = 0.5

· Fraction escaping hepatic elimination (fh) = 0.4

· Systemic Clearance = 20 L/hr

For drug C, what would be the equivalent oral dose to a 10 mg IV dose

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