The Possible Manifestations of An acute Myocardial & Clive’s Myocardial infraction - Nursing Assignment Help

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Question 1

Clive’s Myocardial infraction caused the death of areas of his cardiac tissue. Which of the following is earlier in the cascade of events leading to cell death?

  1. Hypoxia
  2. Necrosis
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Ischaemia

 

Question 2

Clive’s myocardial infraction caused the death of an area of his cardiac tissue. Which of the following is the mechanism of cell death?

  1. Hypoxia
  2. Necrosis
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Ischaemia

 

 

Question 3

Clive suffered an acute myocardial infarction two years ago. Which of the following can be a consequence of this?

  1. Cardiogenic shock
  2. Hypertension
  3. Paraesthesia
  4. Stable angina

 

Question 4

Which of the following are the possible manifestations (signs or symptoms) of an acute myocardial infarction? Select all that apply, marl lost by incorrect choices.

  1. Tachypnoea
  2. A sudden drop in blood pressure
  3. Diaphoresis
  4. Hot, flushed skin
  5. Crushing chest pain relieved at rest
  6. Sudden elevation in blood pressure
  7. Bradycardia
  8. Cold and pale skin
  9. Sudden dizziness
  10. Chest pain that is not relieved by glyceryl trinitrate
  11. Fatigue
  12. Paraesthesia in arms or leg
  13. Dyspnoea
  14. Sudden leg weakness

 

Question 5

 Clive has congestive heart failure. Which of the following are manifestations of this cardiac condition?

  1. Nocturia
  2. Pulmonary oedema
  3. Weight loss
  4. Elevated JVP
  5. Difficulty concentrating
  6. Chest pain on exertion
  7. Fatigue
  8. Peripheral oedema
  9. Oliguria
  10. Orthopnea
  11. Dyspnoea
  12. Tachycardia
  13. Bradycardia
  14. Dry cough

 

Question 6

According to the “HFrEF Management algorithm” by The National Heart Foundation of Australia and Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ) guidelines for heart failure, in which order should the therapeutic approaches to Congestive Heart Failure be introduced?

  1. Beta-Blocker
  2. Lifestyle modification: exercise and reduction of salt intake.
  3. Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist
  4. Diuretics
  5. ACE inhibitors or ARBs

 

Question 7

When you take Clive’s observation at the beginning of your shift, which of the following is NOT an evident cue?

  1. Tachypnoea
  2. Apnoea
  3. Dyspnoea
  4. Tachycardia

 

Question 8

Clive’s RR increased from 15-19 at 0600 to 24 breaths per minute in your last observation, but his oxygen saturation remained constant. What would be the reason for this?

Select all possible answer,

  1. He is hypercapnic or becoming hypercapnic, which stimulates the increase in RR.
  2. His anxiety due to disorientation is activating the sympathetic nervous system.
  3. His brain is receiving less oxygenated blood and compensating by increasing RR.
  4. His pulmonary oedema has worsened.
  5. The respiratory centres activate the sympathetic nervous system, increasing the RR.
  6. The gas exchange is less efficient, and the increase in blood CO2.
  7. His Spo2 levels have dropped, not reflected in the oxygen saturation.
  8. His pulmonary circulation is less effective, causing an increase in RR.

 

Question 9

Clive has prescribed with Spironolactone 25mg for the management of his congestive heart failure. Which of the following can be achieved by taking this drug?

Select all that apply,

  1. Decreased cardiac output
  2. Decreased Mean Arterial Blood Pressure.
  3. Reduction of sympathetic Nervous system activity.
  4. Increased strength of cardiac muscle contraction.
  5. Coronary artery vasodilation
  6. Decreased sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
  7. Oliguria
  8. Inhibition of aldosterone action.
  9. Reduction of pulmonary oedema
  10. Peripheral vasodilation
  11. Reduced blood return to the heart
  12. Increased diuresis
  13. Reduced formation of Angiotensin II.
  14. Reduced heart rate.

 

Question 10

Clive’s medication was augmented by adding furosemide for the management of this worsening of his congestive heart failure. Which of the following can be achieved by taking this drug?

Select all that apply, 

  1. Decreased sodium reabsorption in the kidney.
  2. Peripheral vasodilation.
  3. Decreased cardiac output.
  4. Reduction of pitting oedema.
  5. Reduced formation of Angiotensin II.
  6. Increased diuresis.
  7. Coronary artery vasodilation.
  8. Decreased Mean Arterial Blood Pressure.
  9. Blockage of angiotensin receptors.
  10. Reduction of pulmonary oedema.
  11. Suppression of aldosterone action.
  12. Reduction of chloride reabsorption in the kidneys.
  13. Reduced heart rate.
  14. Reduction of Sympathetic nervous system activity.

 

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