Vitamins: Structures & Functions - Science Assignment Help

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INTRODUCTION TO VITAMINS
- Vitamins are organic compounds required by the body in small amounts for metabolism, for protection, for maintenance of health and proper growth
- They cannot be synthesized by the body. Must be obtained by outside sources like diet, rumen of bacteria & sun.
- Vitamins also assist in the formation of hormones, blood vessels, nervous system chemicals and genetic materials
- They generally act as catalysts, combining with proteins to create metabolically active enzymes that are essential for life reactions
- Without enzymes, many of the reactions essential to life would slow down or cease

COMPOSITION OF VITAMINS
- Vitamins are of different chemical nature. These are alcohols, aldehydes, organic acids, their derivatives and nucleotide derivatives

CLASSIFICATION OF VITAMINS
- Vitamins are classified according to their ability to be absorbed in fat or water
- 1. Fat Soluble Vitamins: these are oily and hydrophobic compounds, they are stored in the liver and not excreted out of the body. Bile salts and fats are needed for their absorption. Vitamins A,D,E and K are fat soluble
- 2. Water Soluble Vitamins: Vitamin B complex and Vitamin C are water soluble. They are not stored in the body, therefore are required daily in small amounts.

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